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The meaning of diode is two so diode is vacuum bulb with two elements (electrodes) namely cathode (Emitter) and anode. Normally directly heated cathode is used and its function is to emit the Electrons when heated up. Anode is made of nickel, iron, graphite or moly bedenium etc. Its Function is to collect the electron, so is also called collector.
The fundamental property of a diode is its tendency to conduct electric current in only one direction. When the cathode is negatively charged relative to the anode at a voltage greater than a certain minimum called forward break over, then current flows through the diode. If the cathode is positive with respect to the anode, is at the same voltage as the anode, Or is negative by an amount less than the forward break over voltage, then the diode does not conduct current.
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