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Capacitor consists of two similar parallel metal plates separated by a small distance. One of the plate is positively charged and this induces an equal amount of negative charge on the other plate. The second plate is connected to earth. The space between the two plates is filled with insulator which is also known as dielectric.It is a device to store electric charge and gives back later by virtue of its property when required. Its unit is the FARAD.
Capacity :The property of a condenser to store the electrical energy is called its capacity.
The unit of capacity is FARAD and it is denoted by "C".
Capacity(C) = Charge(Q)/ Volt (v)
FARAD: The capacity of a condenser is said to be 1 FARAD when 1 coulomb of charge creates a P.D. of 1 volt.
1 FARAD = 1 Coulomb / 1 Volt
FARAD is a bigger unit and hence some times smaller units are used such as micro and pico FARAD.
1 FARAD = 106microfarad (µf)
1 FARAD = 1012picofarad (µµf)
1 MicroFARAD = 10-6Farad
1 PicoFARAD = 10-12Farad
Types of Capacitor
There are different types of capacitors. Based on the dielectric used in them, some of the types Of capacitors are ceramic capacitor, paper capacitor, mica capacitor, polyester capacitor.
In these capacitors, the terminals can be either connected to positive or negative, but in case of electrolytic capacitor which works on the property of chemical Change of substance.
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